| CIGARETTES
ROB SMOKERS OF 10 YEARS OF LIFE
A 50
YEAR STUDY!
June
22, 2004 Reuters
By
Patricia Reaney
LONDON(Reuters).
Cigarette smokers die on average 10 years earlier
than non-smokers, but kicking the habit, even
at 50 years old, can halve the risk, according
to half a century of research reported on Tuesday.
Findings
from a 50-year study into the dangers of smoking
showed that if people quit by the age of 30 they
can avoid nearly all of the risk of dying prematurely.
“Cigarette
smoking reduces the expectation of life by 10
years,” said 91-year-old Oxford University
Professor Richard Doll, who first confirmed the
link between cancer and smoking.
“It
is clear that consistent cigarette smoking doubles
mortality throughout adult life—middle and old
age. It is also clear that giving up smoking can
eliminate a very large part of the hazard,”
he told Reuters.
Professor
Doll and Bradford Hill confirmed the link between
smoking and lung cancer in a landmark study published
in the British Medical Journal on June 26, 1954.
Half
a century later, Doll and Oxford University Professor
Richard Peto report the 50-year results in the
journal from the same study of 34,439 British
doctors.
“This
study is a remarkable achievement. Studies that
last 50 years are highly unusual in medicine,
and it’s even more unusual for one to have an
author who was there at the beginning and after
50 years,” the journal’s editor Dr Richard
Smith told a news conference. “It has taught
us a great deal,” he added.
Doll,
who had smoked for 19 years before giving it up,
had planned only a five-year project but the initial
findings were so intriguing he carried on for
five decades. “I gave up smoking g at age 37
when I saw the results of our first study. They
were quite convincing to me,” he said in an interview.
The
early results from his second study confirmed
that smoking causes lung cancer and suggested
that it also causes heart disease.
“We
thought we’d better carry on the study for a lot
longer and see if smoking causes anything else…and
by goodness it does,” said Doll.
“By
the time we did the 40-year follow up, we found
there were some 25 diseases that smoking seemed
to cause, and that the mortality was about double
with consistent smoking.”
Fifty-year
results showed that two-thirds of men who became
persistent smokers died from their habit.
“Nobody
has ever before seen a population in which two-thirds
of the smokers get killed by their habit,”
said Peto, who worked with Doll for 30 years.
Since
Doll began the study five decades ago, tobacco
has already killed 100 million people worldwide.
Peto estimates there will be approximately one
billion tobacco deaths during the present century,
if current smoking patterns continue.
“Smoking
kills people,” Peto said. “And stopping
works.”
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